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Data Source: NTSB AVIATION ACCIDENT/INCIDENT DATABASE Report Number: CHI96LA202 Local Date: 06/14/1996 Local Time: 18:30 CDT State: ND City: GRAND FORKS Airport Name: GRAND FORKS INTL Airport Id: GFK Event Type: ACCIDENT Injury Severity: NONE Report Status: FINAL Mid Air Collision: NO
Category of Operation: GENERAL AVIATION Aircraft Type: AIRPLANE Aircraft Damage: SUBSTANTIAL Phase of Flight: 560 APPROACH Aircraft Make/Model: PIPER PA-44-XXX Operator Doing Business As: Operator Name: Operator Code: Operator: Owner Name: UNIVERSITY OF NORTH DAKOTA
THE INSTRUCTOR REPORTED THAT HE WAS ATTEMPTING TO DEMONSTRAT E A REJECTED TAKEOFF. INSTEAD OF INITIATING THE MANEUVER DURING TAKEOFF ROLL HE ATTEMPTED TO INITIATE THE MANEUVER ON FINAL APPROACH TO THE RUNWAY. THE INSTRUCTOR ENTERED THE MANEUVER FROM 150 FEET AGL AT 70 TO 80 KIAS. AS THE AIRPLAN E CROSSED THE RUNWAY THRESHOLD, HE REDUCED POWER ON BOTH ENGINES TO IDLE AND APPLIED FORWARD ELEVATOR, ESTABLISHING A DESCENT FOR LANDING. HE STARTED TO "ROUND THE AIRPLANE OUT ABOUT 30 TO 50 FEET ABOVE THE RUNWAY." THE DESCENT RATE WAS TOO HIGH, SO HE CONTINUED TO INCREASE THE PITCH. HE REPORTED THE STALL HORN SOUNDED "ONLY MILLISECONDS" BEFORE T HE AIRPLANE IMPACTED THE RUNWAY. THE INSTRUCTOR REPORTED THE DEMONSTRATION HE PERFORMED OF A REJECTED TAKEOFF WAS NOT A RECOGNIZED OR AN APPROVED MANEUVER. HE REPORTED THAT THE HE HAD NEVER HAD THIS MANEUVER DEMONSTRATED TO HIM.
Occurrence #: 1 100 ABRUPT MANEUVER
Phase of Operation: 564 APPROACH - VFR PATTERN - FINAL APPROACH
Findings
Subject - Modifier - Personnel Cause/Factor
1b. 24032(S) - 3109(M) - 4103(P) Cause
PROCEDURES/DIRECTIVES - IMPROPER - PILOT IN COMMAND (CFI)
Occurrence #: 2 200 HARD LANDING
Phase of Operation: 571 LANDING - FLARE/TOUCHDOWN
Findings
Subject - Modifier - Personnel Cause/Factor
1b. 24535(S) - 3120(M) - 4103(P) Cause
FLARE - MISJUDGED - PILOT IN COMMAND (CFI)
THE INSTRUCTOR PILOT USED AN IMPROPER PROCEDURE WHEN HE DEMONSTRATED A REJECTED TAKEOFF AND HE MISJUDGED THE FLARE.
Number of Seats: 4
Aircraft Use: INSTRUCTIONAL
Type of Operation: 14 CFR 91
Domestic/International:
Passenger/Cargo:
Registration Number: 853ND
Air Carrier Operating Certificates:
Aircraft Fire: NONE
Injuries
Fatal Serious Minor None
Crew 0 0 0 2
Pass 0 0 0 0
Other 0 0 0 0
Invlvd 0 0 0 2
Landing Gear: TRICYCLE-RETRACTABLE
Certificated Maximum Gross Weight: 3800
Engine Make: LYCOMING
Engine Model: O-360-A1H6
Number of Engines: 2
Engine Type: RECIPROCATING-CARBURETOR
Basic Weather Conditions: VISUAL METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS (VMC) Wind Direction (deg): 170 Wind Speed (knots): 13 Visibility (sm): 15 Visibility RVR (ft): 0 Visibility RVV (sm): 0 Cloud Height Above Ground Level (ft): 10000 Visibility Restrictions: NONE Precipitation Type: NONE Light Condition: DAYLIGHT Departure Airport Id: GFK Departure City: Departure State: Destination Airport Id: Destination City: Destination State: Flight Plan Filed: NONE ATC Clearance: NONE VFR Approach/Landing: NONE Event Location: ON AIRPORT
Certificates: COMMERCIAL, FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR
Ratings:
Plane: SINGLE ENGINE LAND, MULTIENGINE LAND
Non-Plane: NONE
Instrument:
Had Current BFR: YES
Months Since Last BFR: 2
Medical Certificate: CLASS 1
Medical Certificate Validity: VALID MEDICAL-NO WAIVERS/LIMITATIONS
Flight Time (Hours)
Total : 598 Last 24 Hrs : 3
Make/Model : 81 Last 30 Days: 63
Instrument : 62 Last 90 Days: 149
Multi-Engine: 80 Rotorcraft : 0
NTSB Identification: CHI96LA202. The docket is stored in the (offline) NTSB Imaging System.
Accident occurred JUN-14-96 at GRAND FORKS, ND
Aircraft: Piper PA-44, registration: N853ND
Injuries: 2 Uninjured.
The instructor reported that he was attempting to demonstrate a rejected
takeoff. Instead of initiating the maneuver during takeoff roll he attempted to
initiate the maneuver on final approach to the runway. The instructor entered
the maneuver from 150 feet AGL at 70 to 80 KIAS. As the airplane crossed the
runway threshold, he reduced power on both engines to idle and applied forward
elevator, establishing a descent for landing. He started to "round the airplane
out about 30 to 50 feet above the runway." The descent rate was too high, so he
continued to increase the pitch. He reported the stall horn sounded "only
milliseconds" before the airplane impacted the runway. The instructor reported
the demonstration he performed of a rejected takeoff was not a recognized or an
approved maneuver. He reported that the he had never had this maneuver
demonstrated to him.
Probable Cause
the instructor pilot used an improper procedure when he demonstrated a rejected
takeoff and he misjudged the flare.
Full Narrative:
On June 14, 1996, at 1830 central daylight time, a Piper PA-44, N853ND, operated by the University of North Dakota (UND), Grand Forks, North Dakota, was substantially damaged during a hard landing. The flight instructor was demonstrating a rejected takeoff and had initiated the maneuver from 150 feet above the runway. The flight instructor and student were not injured. The 14 CFR Part 91 flight had departed runway 17R at Grand Forks Mark Andrews International Airport on a local instructional flight. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident and no flight plan was filed.
The instructor reported that he was attempting to demonstrate a rejected takeoff. However, instead of initiating the maneuver during the takeoff roll and aborting the takeoff on the runway, the instructor initiated the maneuver while on the final approach to the runway. The instructor reported that he made an approach to runway 17R with the airplane descending to about 150 feet AGL at 75 to 80 KIAS. The airplane was configured with the landing gear down and zero degrees flaps. About 100 yards from the runway threshold, he applied power and raised the nose. He reported that as the airplane crossed the threshold, he reduced power on both engines to idle and applied forward elevator establishing a descent for landing. The instructor pilot reported that he started to "round the airplane out about 30 to 50 feet above the runway." The descent rate was too high, so he continued to increase the pitch. He reported that the stall horn sounded "only milliseconds" before the airplane impacted the runway. The airplane started skidding down the runway and the pilots shut off the engines. The pilots evacuated the airplane after it came to a stop and the airplane had been secured.
The instructor reported the demonstration he performed of a rejected takeoff was not a recognized or an approved maneuver. He reported that the he had never had this maneuver demonstrated to him. Additionally, this was the first time that he had attempted to demonstrate the maneuver.
Source: National Transportation Safety Board
Failure of UND Flight Managers To Teach Consequences of Rejected Takeoff From Altitude Leads to Substantial Aircraft Damage
On June 14, 1996, at 1830 central daylight time, a Piper PA-44, N853ND, operated by the University of North Dakota (UND), Grand Forks, North Dakota, was substantially damaged during a hard landing. The flight instructor was demonstrating a rejected takeoff and had initiated the maneuver from 150 feet above the runway. The flight instructor and student were not injured. The 14 CFR Part 91 flight had departed runway 17R at Grand Forks Mark Andrews International Airport on a local instructional flight. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident and no flight plan was filed.
The instructor reported that he was attempting to demonstrate a rejected takeoff. However, instead of initiating the maneuver during the takeoff roll and aborting the takeoff on the runway, the instructor initiated the maneuver while on the final approach to the runway. The instructor reported that he made an approach to runway 17R with the airplane descending to about 150 feet AGL at 75 to 80 KIAS. The airplane was configured with the landing gear down and zero degrees flaps. About 100 yards from the runway threshold, he applied power and raised the nose. He reported that as the airplane crossed the threshold, he reduced power on both engines to idle and applied forward elevator establishing a descent for landing. The instructor pilot reported that he started to "round the airplane out about 30 to 50 feet above the runway." The descent rate was too high, so he continued to increase the pitch. He reported that the stall horn sounded "only milliseconds" before the airplane impacted the runway. The airplane started skidding down the runway and the pilots shut off the engines. The pilots evacuated the airplane after it came to a stop and the airplane had been secured.
The instructor reported the demonstration he performed of a rejected takeoff was not a recognized or an approved maneuver. He reported that the he had never had this maneuver demonstrated to him. Additionally, this was the first time that he had attempted to demonstrate the maneuver.
Source: National Transportation Safety Board