General Information

Data Source:                          NTSB AVIATION ACCIDENT/INCIDENT DATABASE
   Report Number:                        CHI95LA043 
   Local Date:                           11/22/1994
   Local Time:                           15:00 CST
   State:                                MN    
   City:                                 THIEF RIVER FALLS                  
   Airport Name:                         THIEF RIVER FALLS REGIONA
   Airport Id:                           TVF   
   Event Type:                           ACCIDENT
   Injury Severity:                      NONE   
   Report Status:                        FINAL      
   Mid Air Collision:                    NO 

Operations Information

Category of Operation:                GENERAL AVIATION       
   Aircraft Type:                        AIRPLANE       
   Aircraft Damage:                      SUBSTANTIAL      
   Phase of Flight:                      570 LANDING                                           
   Aircraft Make/Model:                  PIPER PA-44-XXX                 
   Operator Doing Business As:                                         
   Operator Name:                                                      
   Operator Code:                            
   Operator:                                                                       
   Owner Name:                           UNIVERSITY OF NORTH DAKOTA    

Narrative

THE FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR (CFI) REPORTED HE WAS GIVING A PRIVATE PILOT DUAL 
   INSTRUCTION IN PREPARATION FOR A MULTI-ENGINE RATING. THE CFI SAID THAT 
   SHORTLY AFTER LIFT-OFF, AT AN ESTI MATED ALTITUDE OF 150' AGL, HE 
   RETARDED THE RIGHT ENGINE TO IDLE TO SIMULATE A LOSS OF ENGINE POWER. 
   THE PRIVATE PILOT R ESPONDED BY REDUCING THE POWER ON THE LEFT ENGINE, 
   AND RETURNING TO THE RUNWAY FOR LANDING. THE CFI WROTE IN HIS RE PORT 
   TO THE NTSB THAT THE PRIVATE PILOT MISJUDGED THE LANDING FLARE, AND 
   LANDED HARD, DAMAGING THE AIRPLANE.

Sequence of Events

Occurrence #: 1  200 HARD LANDING
   Phase of Operation: 571 LANDING - FLARE/TOUCHDOWN

           Findings
           Subject - Modifier - Personnel Cause/Factor

   1b.   24535(S) - 3109(M) - 4101(P)  Factor
         FLARE - IMPROPER - DUAL STUDENT
   2b.   24542(S) - 3104(M) - 4103(P)  Cause
         REMEDIAL ACTION - DELAYED - PILOT IN COMMAND (CFI)

Probable Cause

THE FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR'S DELAYED REMEDIAL ACTION DURING A SIMULATED 
   FORCED LANDING.  A FACTOR IN THE ACCIDENT IS THE STUDENT PILOT'S 
   IMPROPER LANDING FLARE.

Aircraft Information

Number of Seats:                      4  
   Aircraft Use:                         INSTRUCTIONAL      
   Type of Operation:                    14 CFR 91 
   Domestic/International:                            
   Passenger/Cargo:                                        
   Registration Number:                  853ND 
   Air Carrier Operating Certificates:   ON-DEMAND AIR TAXI
   Aircraft Fire:                        NONE

                  Injuries
          Fatal  Serious  Minor  None
   Crew      0       0       0      2
   Pass      0       0       0      1
   Other     0       0       0      0
   Invlvd    0       0       0      3

   Landing Gear:                         TRICYCLE-RETRACTABLE
   Certificated Maximum Gross Weight:    3816
   Engine Make:                          LYCOMING     
   Engine Model:                         O-360-A1H6   
   Number of Engines:                    2 
   Engine Type:                          RECIPROCATING-CARBURETOR    

Environment/Operations Information

Basic Weather Conditions:             VISUAL METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS (VMC)  
   Wind Direction (deg):                 290
   Wind Speed (knots):                   12
   Visibility (sm):                      15
   Visibility RVR (ft):                  0
   Visibility RVV (sm):                  0
   Cloud Height Above Ground Level (ft): 10000
   Visibility Restrictions:              NONE
   Precipitation Type:                   NONE
   Light Condition:                      DAYLIGHT
   Departure Airport Id:                 TVF 
   Departure City:                       
   Departure State:                        
   Destination Airport Id:               GFK 
   Destination City:                     GRAND FORKS
   Destination State:                    ND
   Flight Plan Filed:                    NONE
   ATC Clearance:                        NONE
   VFR Approach/Landing:                 SIMULATED FORCED LANDING
   Event Location:                       ON AIRPORT

Pilot-in-Command

Certificates:                         COMMERCIAL
   Ratings:
     Plane:                              SINGLE ENGINE LAND, MULTIENGINE LAND
     Non-Plane:                          NONE
     Instrument:                         AIRPLANE
   Had Current BFR:                      YES
   Months Since Last BFR:                10 
   Medical Certificate:                  CLASS 1
   Medical Certificate Validity:         VALID MEDICAL-NO WAIVERS/LIMITATIONS

              Flight Time (Hours)
   Total       :   1470  Last 24 Hrs :    4
   Make/Model  :    165  Last 30 Days:   75
   Instrument  :    104  Last 90 Days:  200
   Multi-Engine:    165  Rotorcraft  :    0